Two hundred sixty-three patients with a diagnosis of endometriosis or adenomyosis were studied in a retrospective fashion. The association between endometriosis resulted in a spontaneous abortion rate of 44.3%, Patients with adenomyosis spontaneously aborted 35.1% of their pregnancies. These figures are significantly increased in comparison to those pertaining to the general population. Uterine pathology occurring with endometriosis is discussed in relation to secondary infertility. Hypotheses that may explain the relationship between endometriosis and spontaneous abortion are discussed briefly.
Olive, D. L., Franklin, R. R., & Gratkins, L. V. (1982). The association between endometriosis and spontaneous abortion. A retrospective clinical study. The Journal of reproductive medicine, 27(6), 333-338.
Olive DL, Franklin RR, Gratkins LV. The association between endometriosis and spontaneous abortion. A retrospective clinical study. J Reprod Med. 1982;27(6):333-338.
Olive, David L., et al. "The association between endometriosis and spontaneous abortion. A retrospective clinical study." The Journal of reproductive medicine, vol. 27, no. 6, 1982, pp. 333-338.
Pregnancy outcomes were evaluated retrospectively in 350 women to investigate the relationship between endometriosis and spontaneous abortions. The frequency of spontaneous abortions in women with endometriosis was significantly higher than in both a fertile nonendometriosis group and an infertile group with tubal disease. There was no correlation between the severity of the endometriosis and the frequency of spontaneous abortions. After treatment, the frequency of spontaneous abortions was significantly decreased in both the endometriosis and the tubal disease group, but these values were not significantly different from each other. We conclude that high spontaneous abortion rates are a characteristic of other subgroups of women with secondary infertility and not just in women with endometriosis, and that the majority of spontaneous abortions associated with endometriosis are not caused by the condition.
EndometriosisSpontaneous AbortionMedical and Surgical TherapyRecurrent Pregnancy Loss
There seems to be an association of first-trimester spontaneous abortion and untreated endometriosis. In this report, 52% of an untreated group of patients with endometriosis aborted. However, 12% of a second group of surgically treated patients and 7% of a third group of patients treated with danazol aborted. Therefore, either medical or surgical therapy for endometriosis lowers the abortion rate significantly.
To determine patterns of usage of clomiphene citrate (CC) by primary care providers (obstetrician-gynecologists, family physicians, and other providers) within University of Utah Community Clinics. We performed a retrospective chart review (n = 79) and followup telephone survey of patients (n = 43) who were prescribed CC in the University of Utah Community Clinics in 2006. Most women who were prescribed CC had appropriate indications for therapy (65% with a diagnosis related to irregular menses and 33% with a diagnosis of female infertility), but there was variable and inconsistent monitoring of ovulation (much of which was apparently initiated by the patients). In the interview, 24 of the women (56%) said they would be fine having twins, and 14 (33%) said they would prefer to have twins if possible. In this primary care setting, clomiphene was prescribed for appropriate indications, but the monitoring of treatment could be improved. The preference of some patients for twin gestations represents a challenge for optimum clinical care and public health.
InfertilityAutoimmune and Systemic DiseasesCeliac Disease and ReproductionSecondary Amenorrhea
Celiac disease is an intestinal inflammatory disease that is triggered by gluten in the diet. Patients present with a wide array of symptoms due to malabsorption that include diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating and weight loss. In women, this disease may have implications on menstrual and reproductive health. The symptom complex includes delayed menarche, early menopause, secondary amenorrhea, infertility, recurrent miscarriages and intrauterine growth restriction. These women benefit from early diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, celiac disease should be considered and screening tests performed on women presenting with menstrual and reproductive problems and treated accordingly. The objective of this article is to review the current literature on celiac disease and its association with the above-mentioned disorders.