Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 14(2), 350-356, 2005
Oral contraceptive use and risk of early-onset breast cancer in carriers and noncarriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations
Roger L Milne, Jeffrey A Knight, Esther M John
Gillian S Dite, Argyrios Ziogas, Irene L Andrulis, Melissa C. Southey, Graham G Giles, Margaret R E McCredie , McCredie MR , John L Hopper, Alice S Whittemore, for the Breast Cancer Family Registry , Ronald Balbuena , Frederick P Li , Dee W West
Recent oral contraceptive use has been associated with a small increase in breast cancer risk and a substantial decrease in ovarian cancer risk. The effects on risks for women with germ line mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 are unclear.
Methods
Subjects were population-based samples of Caucasian women that comprised 1,156 incident cases of invasive breast cancer diagnosed before age 40 (including 47 BRCA1 and 36 BRCA2 mutation carriers) and 815 controls from the San Francisco Bay area, California, Ontario, Canada, and Melbourne and Sydney, Australia. Relative risks by carrier status were estimated using unconditional logistic regression, comparing oral contraceptive use in case groups defined by mutation status with that in controls.
Results
After adjustment for potential confounders, oral contraceptive use for at least 12 months was associated with decreased breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers [odds ratio (OR), 0.22; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.10-0.49; P < 0.001], but not for BRCA2 mutation carriers (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.34-3.09) or noncarriers (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.69-1.24). First use during or before 1975 was associated with increased risk for noncarriers (OR, 1.52 per year of use before 1976; 95% CI, 1.22-1.91; P < 0.001).
Conclusions
There was no evidence that use of current low-dose oral contraceptive formulations increases risk of early-onset breast cancer for mutation carriers, and there may be a reduced risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers. Because current formulations of oral contraceptives may reduce, or at least not exacerbate, ovarian cancer risk for mutation carriers, they should not be contraindicated for a woman with a germ line mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2.
oral contraceptive breast cancer risk BRCA1 BRCA2 carriers, early onset breast cancer oral contraceptive use mutation carriers, BRCA1 mutation oral contraceptive protective effect breast cancer, oral contraceptive formulations breast cancer risk young women, population based case control BRCA mutation contraceptive use, hormonal contraception BRCA2 carriers cancer risk, oral contraceptive use before 1975 breast cancer risk, early onset invasive breast cancer under 40 oral contraceptive, oral contraceptive ovarian cancer risk BRCA mutation, genetic breast cancer risk hormonal contraception safety
PMID 15734957 15734957 DOI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0376 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0376
Cite this article
Milne, R. L., Knight, J. A., John, E. M., Dite, G. S., Balbuena, R., Ziogas, A., Andrulis, I. L., West, D. W., Li, F. P., Southey, M. C., Giles, G. G., McCredie, M. R. E., Hopper, J. L., & Whittemore, A. S. (2005). Oral contraceptive use and risk of early-onset breast cancer in carriers and noncarriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 14(2), 350-356. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0376
Milne RL, Knight JA, John EM, Dite GS, Balbuena R, Ziogas A, et al. Oral contraceptive use and risk of early-onset breast cancer in carriers and noncarriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005;14(2):350-356. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0376
Milne, R. L., et al. "Oral contraceptive use and risk of early-onset breast cancer in carriers and noncarriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations." Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, vol. 14, no. 2, 2005, pp. 350-356.
Keywords
Contraceptives, Oral
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